b) 40% of a bioregion’s area will have established indigenous and compatible exotic reforestation and permanent canopy silviculture, providing towns’ structural materials and energy requirements and linking remnant indigenous biodiversity
i) Biochar (Lehmann, 2007) produced here sustains soils’ productivity of (3) and contributes to energy (H2) requirements of (4).
2) 20 % grazed parkland; commons’ agro-forestry of pollarded or nut trees;
Biocapacity projects are primarily concerned with establishing and managing (1)b), 1)b)i) and [2] to support and deliver any biocapacity project [refer to 1)b), 1)b)i) or 2)] in a locality or ecoregion.
Such land-cover type proportions are set to:
- Re-establish resilient and efficient ecosystem processes,
- Sustain intrinsic biodiversity and biological capacity,
- Produce sufficient useful biological materials and energy, natural resources for future communities and towns
- Absorb and cycle emissions & wastes to replace depleted resources (soil carbon and nutrients)
- Transition towns / regions towards sustainability
- Empower bio-regional communities and
- Retain culture.
[I] In general hill country and mountainous environments, managed by the Department of Conservation. In lowland environments, indigenous biodiversity is acutely threatened with less than 10 % of original cover remaining, of which 30 % is privately owned.
Soil Carbon Restoration - A must for Sustainability
The map highlights a pivotal and generic sustainability issue of our time.
The sharp increase of GHG atmospheric carbon corresponds to a sharp depletion of soil carbon levels, wherever original indigenous forests were clearfelled and replaced by fossil-fuelled agriculture and commercial pine forestry.
See google Earth and compare significance of correlation between high soil carbon levels under remaining indigenous landcover and depleted soil carbon levels of once carbon-rich lowlands, cleared for agriculture and pine forestry.
Wholistic Biocapacity projects re-establish ecosystems that restore soil carbon levels to retain and cycle water and nutrients in situ. A byproduct of ecological silviculture and compatible agroforesty, biochar, will be used to replenish soil carbon levels in depleted pine forestry and agricultural soils.

